INTERVIEW: UN should be flagbearer when it comes to gender parity, stresses top official
SDGs
This week Secretary-General António Guterres launched a new strategy to achieve gender parity across the United Nations – something he described as “an urgent need, a moral duty, an operational necessity – and a personal priority.”
The System-wide Strategy on Gender Parity provides a roadmap to reach parity at the senior levels of leadership by 2021, and across the board by 2028. In particular, it covers targets and accountability; special measures; an enabling environment; senior appointments; and mission settings.
A key focus of the strategy is increasing the recruitment and advancement of women, in particular in the middle to senior management levels, where the gaps are the greatest and a glass-ceiling persists.
Leading this key element of the Secretary-General’s effort to create a modern Organization and workforce is his Senior Adviser on Policy, Ana Maria Menéndez, a national of Spain who brings to the position more than 30 years of experience in diplomatic service involving bilateral, regional and global issues.
“This is not only about numbers, though numbers are very important,” Ms. Menendez said in an interview with UN News. “But it also has to do with being able to attract and retain and motivate women. It also has to do with special, temporary measures when situations need to be corrected because of this parity gap.”
The Special Adviser, who was appointed in June, also discussed why it is important for the UN to set an example in the area of gender parity, the vital role of Member States in advancing this goal, as well as other steps being taken in this area.
VIDEO: Secretary-General’s Senior Adviser on Policy, Ana Maria Menéndez, discusses the new strategy launched to achieve gender parity within the United Nations, and what needs to be done to achieve this goal.
UN News: The Secretary-General has, this week, released his strategy to achieve gender parity in the UN. Can you tell us a bit about this goal? Why is it important? Where the UN currently is? And how this strategy will make an impact?
Ana Maria Menéndez: As you know very well, the Secretary-General has established gender parity as a priority, ever since taking office in January. This is a very important issue for him, and to prove that he really means it, this week we are presenting the gender parity strategy. The gender parity strategy is very important, not only because it is a right, but it’s also going to have – I am sure – an impact on the effectiveness and credibility of the United Nations. I can say that, for example, at the beginning of this year, for 2017, the situation in the system was that there were 50 per cent women at Professional levels that can be considered the beginning of one’s career – that is to say P1, P2. But when you went into senior positions, there were only 29 per cent women. So you see that the higher the grade, the larger the parity gap.
the higher the grade, the larger the parity gap Ana Maria Menéndez
Obviously, another problem is that if you go into the middle levels, you notice that for women it is very difficult to be promoted from the level of P3 to D1, D2, ASG, USG levels. So we have this situation, and it is really necessary to work on it so that the situation is reversed and corrected. The Secretary-General has appointed to the Senior Management Group, 17 women and 15 men. That’s getting very much closer to parity, but [there is] still, of course, a long way to go.
I must say also that the gender parity strategy is very specific. There are plenty of recommendations with a lot of concrete and specific measures that are going to be put into place. This is important because parity has been a long-standing goal of the Organization but we never reached it. Perhaps because we were not able to take these specific measures in a structured and coherent way – such as we have now in the gender parity strategy.
And this is not only about numbers, although numbers are very important. But it also has to do with being able to attract and retain and motivate women. It also has to do with special, temporary measures when situations need to be corrected because of this parity gap. It also has to do with creating an enabling environment because there is a cultural aspect to it. And we also need a cultural shift. So as I said, I think this time we have targets that are bold but are realistic – that parity at the senior level should be reached in 2021. In most of the [UN] system, [parity] should be reached by 2026, and there will be a few outliers that will go until 2028. That is the ultimate target.
Secretary-General António Guterres (centre) meets with the Group of Friends for Gender Parity in March 2017 at UN Headquarters. UN Photo/Mark Garten
UN News: Does the UN have a particular role to play in achieving gender parity?
Ana Maria Menéndez: Indeed, it has a role to play because, as you know very well, the UN, among other things, is a standard-setting Organization. So it is very important that we lead by example, that we enact the principles that we stand for, and that we serve the peoples of the world. So this is very important. Of course, I have to say that many Member States have implemented measures and they are closer to parity, and many CEOs are also working to close the parity gap at the level of corporations and private institutions. So we need to learn from them. And if we reach parity, I think that will be a good example for everybody. So I think it is mutually reinforcing, but certainly the United Nations should be the flagbearer of this.
UN News: What is the specific role of the Member States in supporting this strategy?
it is very important that we lead by example, that we enact the principles that we stand for, and that we serve the peoples of the world. Ana Maria Menéndez
Ana Maria Menéndez: Member States can really support us in a lot of ways, and we are already in dialogue with them, because we really need their help and they can contribute and they are eager to do it. I must say that there is a lot of enthusiasm for this strategy. I can perhaps give you a few examples of how they can work with us. For example, they can put forward names for senior managers, names of women. They can also contribute with campaigns, both to disseminate strategies and to try to recruit more personnel, more women in those areas that lag a little bit behind – for instance, the peace operations, especially in the field.
They can also provide some donor support. It is not that we are asking for a lot of money, but it will help if we can have some financial support for some measures, especially at the beginning, that need to be [used for] modernizing our system – human resources system – for tracking and monitoring. In general terms, be supportive. We have a Group of Friends for Gender Parity, which has 126 Member States, which is almost a record. We have also the Gender Champions network. So they can contribute a lot in a very substantive way.
UN News: The focus on parity has been described by the Secretary-General as a first step towards empowerment and equality by the UN. Can you tell us a bit more about any other efforts being undertaken to strengthen the UN’s work on gender equality?
Ana Maria Menéndez: I think gender parity is of course part of a larger picture, which is gender equality. And [the] Secretary-General is of course very committed to the mainstreaming of gender equality across the system. The creation of UN Women is of course fundamental and essential to this. But by no means is it only UN Women who should be doing this work. It is really all of us; all entities have to contribute to this. I will also mention that there is of course Agenda 2030 and Sustainable Development Goal 5. I think that mainstreaming this goal and working on this goal is very important, and gender equality is something that is cross-cutting and it’s going to be present in all of the different strands of reforms that the Secretary-General is undertaking.
A UN peacekeeper from the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) Formed Police Unit (FPU) speaks to residents while patrolling the streets of Gao, in northern Mali. UN Photo/Marco Dormino
UN News: Your other core area of work is on prevention. Can you tell us a bit about this portfolio and about your efforts to bring your two portfolios on gender and prevention together?
Ana Maria Menéndez: Yes. Gender parity and prevention are both really intimately linked. As you know, another priority of the Secretary-General is the prevention agenda. He has a vision for prevention. But it is really large and very encompassing. We are working on it, trying to develop it and make it more specific. There is, as I said, a close connection because we know that the more women are empowered, the more they participate in the political, economic life of their countries, of their communities. The more this happens, the less conflict you have, the more development you have, the more societies are resilient. This is established; this is not a theoretical thing I am saying. There is data for it. So we know these concepts are linked. We need to count on women, at all levels, including in mediation, which is something that the Secretary-General is also encouraging and supporting in order to really make prevention a reality.
UN News: In your wide-ranging work as a diplomat, have you ever experienced gender discrimination first-hand?
Ana Maria Menéndez: You know when you have some age, and you have worked in a system for long – I worked for more than 30 years in diplomacy – there are certainly moments where you can experience discrimination. It is not that it is systematic, but I mean, from time to time, for sure. But we need to learn a lesson from this. You need to speak up. It is good to have a conversation. Because it is important that both men and women are involved in the conversation. This is part of the cultural shift that I was mentioning before.
When talking [with] the members of the group that has worked on the strategy – by the way, I want to express publicly my gratitude for all the people who have been working so hard for months – but also in my contacts with the gender focal points, I have said that the strategy is fundamental; that we of course have to implement recommendations, we have to be very serious, and people have to be accountable, senior managers have to be accountable, but it is also important to keep the dialogue going, to keep the conversation going. So we are aware that we may face obstacles, we may be confronted with difficulties, but we need to talk about it and really overcome these obstacles.
UN News: By the time you finish this work, what do you hope to be able to say about your efforts?
Ana Maria Menéndez: I would love to say that we have [achieved] 50/50, of course, but anything that brings us closer to that would be successful. I think that we can do it, we can make it. I am sure that we can make it together. If we really implement this strategy, I think that we will be there, by the deadline we have set for ourselves. And I want to be optimistic even before. Because if we really mean it, if we work together, we can be there.