Africa needs better meteorological monitoring for development – UN official

Given Africa’s vulnerability to climate change, variability and extreme weather events, better meteorological services are crucial for its development and the struggle against poverty, the head of the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said today.

“African National Meteorological and Hydrological Services must be seen as actors of development,” Michel Jarraud, the WMO Secretary-General, told a conference of finance and economy meeting in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia under the aegis of the African Union (AU).

“They have an important role to play in regional and international action plans, particularly with regard to evaluating and monitoring the environment, preparing for natural hazards, agricultural production, water resources and, particularly, climate change,” Mr Jarraud continued.

Many African countries are among the world’s least developed and consequently are the most susceptible to threats posed by meteorological and hydrological disasters, such as drought, flooding, cyclones, dust storms and other extreme weather events, the WMO said in a press release.

In February, for example, Cyclone Ivan caused catastrophic floods in Mozambique and Madagascar, resulting in enormous losses in human life, agricultural production and property.

Drought has plagued many countries across sub-Saharan Africa, causing water shortages and damaging crops and threatening food security.

But if more is invested in developing the observational capacities of their national meteorological and hydrological services, improved weather forecasts, improved early warnings of imminent natural hazards and climate change can be made available to decision-makers and end-users, the agency said.

Mr. Jarraud said that at present, however, African meteorological services are far from ideal to perform those critical functions.

“Serious gaps still exist in observation networks, often due to instrument and systems failure, as well as the high costs of operation and maintenance,” he said, urging that African leaders focus on fixing the problem.

“Leaders can promote this by investing in and developing methods that can assess the socio-economic advantages of national meteorological and hydrological weather services,” he proposed.